Which are essential elements of post-craniotomy nursing care?

• A. Frequent neuro checks, monitor for new deficits/bleeding, wound care, manage drains, prevent infection, maintain airway/CPP, pain control.
• B. Monitor only airway and BP; no neuro checks.
• C. Immediate mobilization and removal of drains.
• D. Avoid wound care to prevent infection.

Answer: (A)

Post-craniotomy care centers on early detection of neurologic changes and preventing secondary brain injury. Frequent neuro checks are essential to catch new deficits, changes in level of consciousness, pupil abnormalities, or signs of bleeding or edema. Wound care and careful drain management prevent infection, CSF leaks, and hematoma formation, which can worsen intracranial pressure. Maintaining an adequate airway and cerebral perfusion pressure ensures the brain stays well-oxygenated and adequately perfused during the vulnerable postoperative period, while effective pain control reduces agitation and coughing that can raise ICP. Together, these elements support safer recovery and help identify complications promptly. Approaches that neglect neuro assessment, overlook wound/drain care, or remove drains or avoid wound care without proper indication can increase risks and are not appropriate.